Paul, Now you have done it. This can be a bottomless pit involving complex engine theory including CFM (computational fluid dynamics), cam theory, all revolving around the physical limits of the parts you have available and the limit on your Visa. Remember, things change, and technology advances. Xram manifolds IMHO were quite an advancement by Chrysler, but like a lot of evolution became a dead branch in the tree of evolution. This technology has advanced to the level of sheet metal manifolds now used by Pro Stock motors. That is not to say that the Xram manifold does not work, or is not cool, but in the realm of max performance, it has seen its days. Here in lies the rub. It works well with parts of that era, but putting an Xram on a new set of Indy heads would not be the best overall application for that manifold. My recommendation if you're going to build a motor, and you do not have the engineering back ground or experience of building thousands of motors over many year's (like Don) is to pick a proven combo that a know engine builder has proven works and use it, if it is in alignment with your intended usage. Everyone gets in trouble when they try to out think the experts based on a magazine article they just read... I happen, as you know to love RPM manifold's. Based on my past usage, they always have given me the best bang for the buck. Many recent articles have backed this opinion I developed up with dyno facts. Remember, the true runner length is measured from the butterflies to the valve. We could get into raw flow vs velocity and burn up a good night of bench racing. For a street motor, I will take velocity over raw flow every time. This feed's into what I think you want to know and what is causing you some issues. In theory you're correct regarding dual plane vs single plane. But technology advances have narrowed that gap. The RPM works almost as well as a Victor, and better when you take into consideration the over all curve for a street motor. Just like head flow, it is not always the raw flow that matters, but what is the flow rate under the curve that makes the great combo. Many times less flow on top, but more flow under the curve makes the best motor. Call Don and ask him to build you a motor. I know he claims to be retired, but he just might be glad to help a guy out. I have most likely put more mud in the water than you liked, but my point is don't over think this thing. Earl I read the "Crossram Chronicles" article that Gary added to the website. It talks about a runner length of 15" being the magic number to scavenge the resonant pressure waves which result from the intake valve opening and closing. And that this length was tuned to an engine rpm of 5400. Giving the max wedge crossram manifold a distinct advantage over the earlier long ram manifold which was tuned to provide more torque and power from rpm's in the low 2000's to @ 4800. In reading general theory about intake manifolds it is stated that a single plane manifold generally works better at higher rpm than a dual plane which will give you more torque at lower rpm & better idle quality. Since a dual plane has longer runners this would seem to put these two theories at odds with each other. I don't think any of the commonly available street type intakes have runner lengths anywhere near 15". I'm thinking about The Holley Street Dominator and the Edelbrock Performer RPM in particular. But since the Performer is a dual plane it should have the longer runners, making it a better intake for low end torque and the Street Dominator a better top end unit. I am in the process of making some performance modifications to my 440 so I'm trying to understand this a little better. Can anyone clear this up for me, Earl, Don, anyone? Paul L. '63 Sport Fury 440/727 http://www.1962to1965mopar.ornocar.org/ml-lennemann63.html ---- Please address private mail -- mail of interest to only one person -- directly to that person. I.e., send parts/car transactions and negotiations as well as other personal messages only to the intended recipient, not to the Clubhouse public address. This practice will protect your privacy, reduce the total volume of mail and fine tune the content signal to Mopar topic. Thanks! '62 to '65 Mopar Clubhouse Discussion Guidelines: http://www.1962to1965mopar.ornocar.org/mletiq.html. ---- Please address private mail -- mail of interest to only one person -- directly to that person. I.e., send parts/car transactions and negotiations as well as other personal messages only to the intended recipient, not to the Clubhouse public address. This practice will protect your privacy, reduce the total volume of mail and fine tune the content signal to Mopar topic. Thanks! '62 to '65 Mopar Clubhouse Discussion Guidelines: http://www.1962to1965mopar.ornocar.org/mletiq.html.